Video games in teenagers lifes and ergonomics

Video games in teenagers lifes and ergonomics Issues of Video Games in Teenagers lifes and ergonomics The video game sector is the fastest growing entertainment industry. Study in 2008 found that 90% of children play video games every single week. Games for people above 18+ start to be more popular than before, we know very little about the effects that video games may have on childrens development and socialization. Video Games have many positive aspects, but also it can have many negative aspects. The postitive aspects include : Provide a fun and social way of entertainment, cooperation and teamwork while playing with other people, make kids feel comfortable with technology, increase childrens self-confidence and self-esteem as they master games, provide things of common interest and opportunities for socialization, they are also for : develop skills in reading, math, technology and problem-solving encourage participation in related offline activities, such as reading or sports encourage civic participation, improve hand-eye co-ordination and fine motor skills A scientist thinks age appropriate multi-player video games can allow children to learn how other people think a key aspect of empathy. Games can also help a child become more comfortable with new and ever progressing technology. Which is in my opinion true. If computers are used properly by teenagers they will have only positive impact on their education. Parents of teenagers should be aware of : According to a Harris Interactive poll released in January of 2008, 23% of gamers surveyed reported that they felt addicted to video games. â€Å" Some teens are heavy users of online role-playing games (RPGs) such as World of Warcraft and multiplayer games such as Call of Duty in which they interact with other players in real time. Students will often neglect schoolwork and other aspects of their daily lives when they become immersed in these games. While it remains unclear whether this can be termed an addiction, the American Medical Association has identified video game overuse as a behaviour, and may include it in a future edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.† Children who are heavy users of video games may also be getting less exercise and develop eating fast foods. Make sure that your teen is getting outside and not snacking too much on unhealthful food while gaming. According to the book Grand Theft Childhood by Doctors Cheryl Olson and Lawrence Kutner, children who play primarily M-rated games (whether the rating is due to violent or sexual content) are more likely to be involved in fights or bullying If you are concerned about the amount of time your teen is spending on video games, keep in mind that it is normal for young people to throw themselves enthusiastically into hobbies. Consider the effect your teens gaming is having on his or her life: is he or she socializing less with friends? Are his or her grades declining? Is his or her sleep or general health being affected? . Its important to know what the ratings mean on the video games that child plays. rating symbols suggest age appropriateness for the game, content descriptors to indicate elements in a game that may have triggered a particular rating and/or may be of interest or concern. It is important because video games are not all violent, but most of them are, and many of them are pretty gruesome. It has been estimated that up to 89% of games contain some violent content. I am going to cover following topics due to covering issue Violence Living Online Addiction Ergonomics Positive Things about games Violence : People are concerned that violent games might be causing young people to become violent and there is some evidence to support this. Studies have shown that violent games can: increase physiological arousal (the fight or flight response) increase aggressive thoughts and emotions increase aggressive behaviour reduce helping behaviour (where people become less likely to help others). This effects even stronger on people who attend to be already aggressive. Violent games attract young people that tend to be aggressive or are fascionate about being aggressive. There is also some evidence that violent games can change the way people think. One study had two groups playing games, one of them a violent game. After playing the games it was found that the group playing the violent game were more likely to: think it was OK to use alcohol and marijuana be competitive in another task think they were being accused of cheating in another task. Living Online : This type of Games can subtitute real life and can cause young people to addiction. Studies have shown that young people who spend too much time playing computer or video games do not do as well at school. Computer games may also be linked to obesity (being unhealthily overweight) and evidence is emerging to support this. Addiction : People can become addicted to games. People can start to play games for more than 12 hours per day. They might stop doing their homeworks, stop going to school, forget about their job. The most addicting games are online games like GTA, World of Warcraft or Lineage2. They start to compete with each other, form clans and fight with each other, in the beginning it can be 2 hours per day, but than it becomes more. Positive Things about Games : There are also some positive things in cerain issues, and here are also some positive stuff about games. What is it then? People get pleasure for playing games Hand-eye coordination improvement Mental stimulation and require some form of problem solving. Enjoyable social interaction. Educational games is a good way of learning Simulations are good way of training people Ergonomics : Screen should be 70 cm away from the eyes. The top of your monitor should be at eye level. Your desk surface should be at roughly belly button level. When typing, your wrists should be in line with your forearms and not bent up. Go for a walk outside at least once a day.

What Are the Benefits for Foreign Firms to Cross List in the Us Markets?

What are the benefits for foreign firms to cross list in the US markets? Do the benefits remain after the SOX? Do you think the benefits would remain unchanged after the worldwide adoption of IFRS? Foreign companies are always looking for a new country to plant a flag and expand their global market place. One of the ways that they do this in the business world is through a process called cross listing. This practice allows a company owned and operated in Country A to list their company in Country B’ s financial trading exchange.Some have argued that introduction of Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) and the ongoing plans of convergence between US GAAP and IFRS have decreased the need for cross listing. While there is a difference of opinion as to whether or not the practice is still beneficial is this day an age; I tend to believe that even if the benefits are not as robust as they once were they are worth the investment Cross listing is when a corporation â€Å"lists its equity shares on one or more foreign stock exchange in addition to its domestic exchange. (Wikipedia, 2013) The practice became very popular in the in 80’s and hit its peak in the 1990’s. Research has uncovered a number of benefits and reasons for cross listing. Three models were established to show the benefits of cross listing. They are the market segmentation / investor recognition model, the liquidity model, and the shareholder protection / legal bonding model. (Weisbach, Reese, 2002) When it comes to discussing the benefits of cross listing in the United States. Some of the benefits are as follows: The first is that it will increase the visibility of company in a global scale. Zhu, Small, 2007) Changing the visibility of a company from national to global offers a company a larger audience who may not have been familiar with a company in the past. Second, companies can gain access to liquid markets. (Zhu, Small, 2007) A foreign company in a developing country may not have enough li quidity in its surrounding area for the purposes of investment and growth. Leaning on developed countries with large financial exchanges is a way to tap into those economic resources that issuers are trying to find. Third, is to show that the company is strong. Zhu, Small, 2007) In a competitive industry such as the earning management and the stock market, investors are looking for strong companies to give their money to. It is up to the foreign firms to establish themselves. In some cases an audience with financial analyst that can tout the benefits of investing in your company is a way of building international credibility with the investment world. Finally, cross listing is done in order to follow tougher requirements. This can show that a company is â€Å"for real† and worth a look because they are willing to cross list in a country with tough exchange requirements. Zhu, Small, 2007) The overall benefits of cross listing can be summed up in a few words: global exposure th at leads to international investments from multiple countries that will fuel growth opportunities. There are critics that say that SOX has affected cross listing negatively due to its strict and stringent rules. In some cases, these are so different from a foreign companies â€Å"home† accounting policies that it makes it almost impossible or the firm to comply. Congress has made it clear that â€Å"U. S. nvestors are entitled to †¦protection regardless of†¦issuer† (Zhu, Small, 2012) SOX was established to protect investors from fraud by companies when they are reporting their performance to the SEC and regardless of cost the U. S. should stand behind those principles and try to keep companies â€Å"honest†. In my opinion the same benefits that cross listings had before SOX still exist; the willingness of companies to comply with SOX and reap the benefits of cross listing. Once the convergence between US GAAP and IFRS is complete I still see a benefit to cross listing.However, by sheer transition to IFRS a company would lose the benefit of stricter exchange requirements. The move would require changes to legal and financial interpretations of accounting standards. However, the true consequences of this move to a global standard could not be determined until the framework of these standards was complete and implementation has taken place with U. S. and foreign firms. In closing, I consider cross listing a beneficial practice for foreign firms. I agree that we are living in an Internet world where I can invest in German company with a few clicks of a mouse.I also agree that we are heading towards a global accounting standard that will level the playing for all companies of all sizes in all countries. However, the benefit of cross listing that I see never going away is the visibility. Having a tangible presence in developed countries is key to growth. Having a presence in developing countries is a stepping-stone to bigger growth opp ortunities in the future. Bibliography â€Å"Cross Listing. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Jan. 2013. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. Dobbs, Richard, and Marc Goedhart. Why Cross-listing Shares Doesn't Create Value. † McKinsey Quarterly Autumn 2008 29 (2008): n. pag. Print. Reese, William, Jr. , and Michael Weisbach. â€Å"Protection of Minority Shareholder Interests, Cross-listings in the United States, and Subsequent Equity Offerings. † NBER. Journal of Financial Economics, 2002. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. Zhu, Hong, and Ken Small. â€Å"Has Sarbanes-Oxley Led to a Chilling in the U. S. Cross-Listing Market. † Has Sarbanes-Oxley Led to a Chilling in the U. S. Cross-Listing Market. The CPA Journal, Mar. 2007. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.

The Importance Of Social Justice And Inclusion - 916 Words

Introduction Social justice and inclusion have become important parts of the modern world, especially within the Scottish education system. They allow pupils to reach their full potential and to become fully integrated whilst at school, regardless of background or disability. However these terms are ever changing and require a lot of thought and determination to be fully fulfilled within schools. This paper will look at the importance of social justice and inclusion as well as considering different views on the topics. It will also focus on the teacher’s role in achieving an inclusive environment within school and the implications for learning. Literature review Defining social justice and inclusion The concepts of social justice and inclusion are both heavily interlinked and the pair complement each other throughout policy and literature. The term social justice is normally used when referring to the ideas of equality and providing equal opportunities to pupils within school, regardless of their background, history or circumstances. Views of social justice can change depending on who is discussing the topic. The Scottish Government have been tackling social justice for many years. In 1999 they published a report titled â€Å"Social Justice – a Scotland for all† as well as putting in place an action plan and a task force. However within these reports there was not an actual definition for what they perceived social justice to be. Moving forward to 2002 and the thenShow MoreRelatedIntroduction. The Pateman Vincent Statement From 20101486 Words   |  6 Pagespublic libraries and by the profession to combat social exclusion and promote social justice and suggest how the profession can carve out a new direction for itself in a world where the use of traditional library services in decline. 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